ElasticSearch系列

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文章目录 01. ElasticSearch 布尔查询是什么？02. ElasticSearch 布尔查询有哪些类型？03. ElasticSearch bool must 组合多个查询条件？04. ElasticSearch bool should 组合多个查询条件？05. ElasticSearch bool must_not 组合多个查询条件？06. ElasticSearch bool 组合多个查询条件？07. ElasticSearch bool 过滤器是否支持嵌套查询？08. ElasticSearch bool must 组合多个查询条件?09. SpringBoot整合ES实现bool查询

01. ElasticSearch 布尔查询是什么？

在实际应用中，我们很有可能会查询多个值或字段。一个 bool 查询由三部分组成：

{ "bool" : { "must" : [], "should" : [], "must_not" : [], } }

must：所有的语句都必须（must）匹配，与 AND 等价。

must_not：所有的语句都不能（must not）匹配，与 NOT 等价。

should：至少有一个语句要匹配，与 OR 等价。

02. ElasticSearch 布尔查询有哪些类型？

Elasticsearch布尔查询有三种类型：must查询、should查询和must_not查询。

① must查询：所有的查询条件都必须匹配才能返回文档。如果有任何一个查询条件不匹配，则该文档将被排除。

② should查询：至少有一个查询条件匹配时就可以返回文档。如果所有的查询条件都不匹配，则该文档将被排除。should查询可以设置一个minimum_should_match参数，用于指定至少需要匹配多少个查询条件才能返回文档。

③ must_not查询：所有的查询条件都必须不匹配才能返回文档。如果有任何一个查询条件匹配，则该文档将被排除。

这些布尔查询类型可以组合在一起，以便更精确地过滤文档。例如，您可以使用bool查询来组合多个must查询和should查询，以便同时满足多个查询条件。

03. ElasticSearch bool must 组合多个查询条件？

must查询：所有的查询条件都必须匹配才能返回文档。如果有任何一个查询条件不匹配，则该文档将被排除。

① 索引文档，构造数据：

PUT /my_index { "mappings": { "properties": { "createTime":{ "type": "date", "format": "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss" }, "tag":{ "type": "keyword" }, "price":{ "type": "integer" } } } } PUT /my_index/_doc/1 { "createTime": "2023-03-29 10:30:11", "tag": "tag1", "price": 10 } PUT /my_index/_doc/2 { "createTime": "2023-03-29 10:35:11", "tag": "tag2", "price": 20 } PUT /my_index/_doc/3 { "createTime": "2023-03-29 10:38:11", "tag": "tag3", "price": 30 }

② 查询 tag 字段值为 tag1 并且 price 字段的值在10到20之间的文档，两个条件同时满足的文档才会返回：

GET /my_index/_search { "query": { "bool": { "must": [ { "term": { "tag": { "value": "tag1" } } }, { "range": { "price": { "gte": 10, "lte": 20 } } } ] } } } 04. ElasticSearch bool should 组合多个查询条件？

should查询：至少有一个查询条件匹配时就可以返回文档。如果所有的查询条件都不匹配，则该文档将被排除。should查询可以设置一个minimum_should_match参数，用于指定至少需要匹配多少个查询条件才能返回文档。

① 索引文档，构造数据：

② 查询 tag 字段值为 tag1 或者 price 字段的值在10到20之间的文档，两个条件只要有一个满足的文档就会返回：

GET /my_index/_search { "query": { "bool": { "should": [ { "term": { "tag": { "value": "tag1" } } }, { "range": { "price": { "gte": 10, "lte": 20 } } } ] } } } { "took" : 13, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 2, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 1.9808292, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "my_index", "_type" : "_doc", "_id" : "1", "_score" : 1.9808292, "_source" : { "createTime" : "2023-03-29 10:30:11", "tag" : "tag1", "price" : 10 } }, { "_index" : "my_index", "_type" : "_doc", "_id" : "2", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "createTime" : "2023-03-29 10:35:11", "tag" : "tag2", "price" : 20 } } ] } }

③ 在ElasticSearch的Bool查询中，可以使用should查询来指定多个查询条件，表示至少有一个条件必须匹配。同时，可以使用minimum_should_match参数来指定至少有多少个条件必须匹配。

查询 tag 字段值为 tag1 或者 price 字段的值在10到20之间的文档，并且至少有两个条件必须匹配：

GET /my_index/_search { "query": { "bool": { "should": [ { "term": { "tag": { "value": "tag1" } } }, { "range": { "price": { "gte": 10, "lte": 20 } } } ], "minimum_should_match": 2 } } } { "took" : 6, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 1.9808292, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "my_index", "_type" : "_doc", "_id" : "1", "_score" : 1.9808292, "_source" : { "createTime" : "2023-03-29 10:30:11", "tag" : "tag1", "price" : 10 } } ] } } 05. ElasticSearch bool must_not 组合多个查询条件？

must_not查询：所有的查询条件都必须不匹配才能返回文档。如果有任何一个查询条件匹配，则该文档将被排除。

① 索引文档，构造数据：

② 查询 tag 字段不等于tag1 并且 price 字段的值不在10到20之间的文档：

GET /my_index/_search { "query": { "bool": { "must_not": [ { "term": { "tag": { "value": "tag1" } } }, { "range": { "price": { "gte": 10, "lte": 20 } } } ] } } } { "took" : 14, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 0.0, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "my_index", "_type" : "_doc", "_id" : "3", "_score" : 0.0, "_source" : { "createTime" : "2023-03-29 10:38:11", "tag" : "tag3", "price" : 30 } } ] } } 06. ElasticSearch bool 组合多个查询条件？

① 索引文档，构造数据：

② 查询 tag 字段的值不为tag1 ，且createTime的值为"2023-03-29 10:38:11"，或者 price 字段的值在10到20之间的文档：

GET /my_index/_search { "query": { "bool": { "must_not": [ { "term": { "tag": { "value": "tag1" } } } ], "should": [ { "range": { "price": { "gte": 10, "lte": 20 } } } ], "must": [ { "term": { "createTime": { "value": "2023-03-29 10:38:11" } } } ] } } } { "took" : 1, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 1.0, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "my_index", "_type" : "_doc", "_id" : "3", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "createTime" : "2023-03-29 10:38:11", "tag" : "tag3", "price" : 30 } } ] } } 07. ElasticSearch bool 过滤器是否支持嵌套查询？

① 构造数据：

② 执行 bool 嵌套查询：

条件1：tag字段的值为tag2

条件2：price 字段的值为10 并且 createTime 字段的值为 “2023-03-29 10:30:11”

条件1 和条件2 为或的关系

GET /my_index/_search { "query": { "bool": { "should": [ { "term": { "tag": "tag2" } }, { "bool": { "must": [ { "term": { "price": 10 } }, { "term": { "createTime": "2023-03-29 10:30:11" } } ] } } ] } } }

外部的 bool 查询中 term 和 bool 查询是兄弟关系，他们都处于外层的布尔逻辑 should 的内部，返回的命中文档至少须匹配其中一个过查询的条件。内部的 bool 查询中的两个 term 语句作为兄弟关系，同时处于 must 语句之中，所以返回的命中文档要必须都能同时匹配这两个条件。

{ "took" : 3, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 2, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 2.0, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "my_index", "_type" : "_doc", "_id" : "1", "_score" : 2.0, "_source" : { "createTime" : "2023-03-29 10:30:11", "tag" : "tag1", "price" : 10 } }, { "_index" : "my_index", "_type" : "_doc", "_id" : "2", "_score" : 0.9808292, "_source" : { "createTime" : "2023-03-29 10:35:11", "tag" : "tag2", "price" : 20 } } ] } } 08. ElasticSearch bool must 组合多个查询条件?

① 构造数据：

PUT /my_index { "mappings": { "properties": { "price":{ "type": "integer" }, "title":{ "type": "text" }, "content":{ "type": "text" } } } } PUT /my_index/_doc/1 { "title": "金都时尚情侣浪漫主题酒店", "content": "山东省青岛市", "price": 300 } PUT /my_index/_doc/2 { "title": "金都嘉怡假日酒店", "content": "北京市", "price": 400 } PUT /my_index/_doc/3 { "title": "金都欣欣24小时酒店", "content": "安徽省淮北市", "price": 200 }

② match 查询

GET /my_index/_search { "query": { "bool": { "must": [ { "match": { "title": "嘉怡" } }, { "match": { "content": "北京" } } ] } } } { "took" : 18, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 3.845211, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "my_index", "_type" : "_doc", "_id" : "2", "_score" : 3.845211, "_source" : { "title" : "金都嘉怡假日酒店", "content" : "北京市", "price" : 400 } } ] } }

③ match 查询和 term 查询

GET /my_index/_search { "query": { "bool": { "must": [ { "match": { "title": "嘉怡" } }, { "term": { "price": 400 } } ] } } } { "took" : 7, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 3.1105196, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "my_index", "_type" : "_doc", "_id" : "2", "_score" : 3.1105196, "_source" : { "title" : "金都嘉怡假日酒店", "content" : "北京市", "price" : 400 } } ] } } 09. SpringBoot整合ES实现bool查询 GET /my_index/_search { "query": { "bool": { "must_not": [ { "term": { "tag": { "value": "tag1" } } } ], "should": [ { "range": { "price": { "gte": 10, "lte": 20 } } } ], "must": [ { "term": { "createTime": { "value": "2023-03-29 10:38:11" } } } ] } } } @Slf4j @Service public class ElasticSearchImpl { @Autowired private RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient; public void searchUser() throws IOException { SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder(); // bool 查询 BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder = new BoolQueryBuilder(); // must_not TermQueryBuilder termQueryBuilder = new TermQueryBuilder("tag","tag1"); boolQueryBuilder.mustNot(termQueryBuilder); // should RangeQueryBuilder rangeQueryBuilder = new RangeQueryBuilder("price"); rangeQueryBuilder.gte(10); rangeQueryBuilder.lte(20); boolQueryBuilder.should(rangeQueryBuilder); // must termQueryBuilder = new TermQueryBuilder("createTime","2023-03-29 10:38:11"); boolQueryBuilder.must(termQueryBuilder); searchSourceBuilder.query(boolQueryBuilder); SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest(new String[]{"my_index"},searchSourceBuilder); SearchResponse searchResponse = restHighLevelClient.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT); System.out.println(searchResponse); } }

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